Improvement in steam-generators



L. R. CORNELL. STEAM GENERATOR.

Patented Dec. 6, 1870.

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Letters Patent No. 109,807, dated December 6, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT INA STEAM-GENERATORS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

I, LEFFERT RYEnsoN CORNELL, of Flatbuslniu the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

Nature and Objects of the I mention.

This invention is adapted to the productionof a steam-generator capable of economizing heat in the production of steam without the aid of fines or tubes inside of the boiler, thereby avoiding the leakage liable to. resultfrom the use of iues and tubes, and also rendering it practicable to construct a safe andeconolnical steam-boiler from castliron, thus very materially eheapening the constructionwhile at the same time the highest eticiencyis secured.

My invention consists in the arrangement, yin combination with each other, of two or more boilers connected by arched pipes, a reverberatory furnace, and a steam-chamber outside of the said furnace, the arched pipes connecting the said boilers being arranged within the furnace, substantially as hereinbeforc set forth.

Description of the Accompanying Drau-ing.

Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinalseetion ofthe.

same.

Figure 4 is a detail view, showing a device which may be used in connecting the pipes-and boilers together.

General Description.

A A A A are two pairs of boilers, each of which pairs is connected to athird boiler, B, which is placed above them, as shown in the drawing, and connected to them by pipes C C, as shown.

I prefer to make all these boilers of cast-iron, partly on account of cheapness in construction, and partly on account of their being better in some respects, when constructed according.r to this invention, than wrought-iron boilers.

D D are pipes which connect the boilers B B to each other and to the steam-drum E.

These pipes I also prefer to make of cast-iron, and in the form represented in the drawing, though it is obvious that that form may be somewhat modified without essential change in-their operation so long' as each one of themv forms a connection from one to the other of the boilers BB, and also connects each of the boilers B B to the steam-drum. These pipes, being principally contained within. the revcrberatory furnace, also afford heating-surface, and aid in the generation of steam.

It will also be observed that the whole of that pox-, tion of these pipes D D which connects the boilers B B to each other is entirely inclosed within the furnace F.

I prefer. also to malte the steam-drum E of eastiron.

F is a rcvcrbcratory furnace, which incloses the boilers A A and B, the pipes G, and the principal portion of the pipes D around their entire circumference, so as to expose their whole circumference to the action ofthe heat; and may also inclose boilers at their ends, as represented in the drawing, though this is less important.

This furnace is provided vwith the necessary ash-pit, and with a tire-box which opens ariugly upward, as represented, so as to throw the ire more directly upon the boilers, the boilers A A being supported upon proper masonry at the ends, and by a bridge of 1nasonry in the middle, or by bars of iron, as shown in the drawing.

lhe gases of combustion are discharged from the oven or re\'erbe1atory furnace, through openings G H, into two horizontal tlues which are formed in the masonry alongside of the furnace, and which lead to the chimney. l

These ues are provided with doors I atY the front end, for the convenience of cleaning them.

Each of the pipes D D extend upward through the top of the furnace to connect witlrthe steam-drum E, which is placed above the furnace, so as not to be exposed to the action ofthe tire. j

J K L Qare gauge-cocks, connected to one or more ofthe pipes D D, to ascertain the height of the water, and to furnish a guide for regulating the supply.

' lhesc gauge-cocks should all be placed above the inside crown of the furnace, or, in other words, above the highest lire-surface, so that the water shall never fall below thc highest point acted upon by the nre, or receiving the radiation ofthe heat of the furnace.

It will be obvious that any other device for showing the height ofthe water orregulating the supply may be substituted in the combination for gauge-cocks, it being` essential, however, that the arrangement shall be such as to bring the water-line above the heatingsurface. v

The pipes are represented as being connected by flanges bolted together in the ordinary way, and this is suliieient for ordinary purposes, these bolts being so short that the difference between the expansion ot' cast and wrought-iron is not seriously felt, and will seldom produce even the slightest leak; but to render the perfection of these joints absolute, and avoid any possible difference of expansion and contraction. these pipes may be connectedby a right-and-lcft-hand screw-coupling, fm, Vmade oeast-ron, as shown in fig. 4.

Remarks.

It is well known that the construction ot steamboilers oi'cast-iron has been often attempted, and for some purposes with considerable success where only a low pressure of steam is required; but where a high pressure and rapid generation of steam is required, the difficulties of the greater thickness of metal necessary, the nccessaryabsence of intern al tubes or fines, and other difficulties unavoidable in cast-iron boilers interfering with the rapid production ofsteain, together with the greater liability of cast-iron to be injuriously affected by overheat, have presented serions objections 'to the use of cast-iron as a material of construction.

In the construction I have described, however, these objections areovercome or obviated, the inclosnre of the entire circumference of the boilers and pipes in a reverberatory furnace giving a concentration of heatlv upon them, and a greater exposure of surface, more than sulicient to compensate for the additional thickn'ess of metal' necessary, while the adjustment of the waterlcvel above the inside ofthe crown of the reverberatory furnace, and the arrangement of the steamdrum outside of the furnace, as described, prevents any undue action ofthe heat upon parts not protected from such action by contact with the water.

The water being rst supplied to the lower boilers A A, and they being connected by tubes, as described,

to the boilers B B above them, favorably affect-s the action of the hea-t in producing steamfastbe water becomes considerably heated in the boilers A A before it ascends into the boilers B B, where it is subjected to the very powerfulaetion of the heat reflected downward from the crown of the furnace.

This mode of construction is also particularly valuable for marine-boilers, as it is well adapted to prevent injurious shifting ot' the water-level'in the ditferent parts ofthe boiler by the vibration of the boat.

The arched form given to that portion of the pipes D which connect the boilers B B to each other also very much contributes to their strength, and prevents their being;r liable to sag if subjected to extreme heat.

This form also throws them very much vup into the arch of the furnace, when arranged in the furnace in the manner described, and thereby adds very materially to their eciency as generators of steam.

Claim.

I claim as my invention- The arrangement hereinbefore described, in combination with each other, of the boilers B B, arched pipes D D, steam-drum E, and furnace F, thc arched portion ot' the pipe I) being inclosed within the fin'- nace, substantially as hcreinbefore set forth.

LEFFEET RYERSON CORNELL.

Witnesses:

CEAS. T. Hrexs. WM. Gowln. 

